Electric governor



O 1927' H. K. WHITEHORN ELECTRIC GOVERNOR Filed Oct. 13. 1925 Palate Oct. 25,1921. A 1,646,672

UNITED STATES PA ENT" o F cE. 1 :5

HAROLD KENNETH WHITEHORN, E MAinsToNE, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR To 'TILILING- sTEvENs MOTORS LIMITED, OF MAIDS'IONE, KENT, ENGLAND.

- EnEoTEIo GOVERNOR.

Application filed October 13, 1925, Serial No. 62,268, and in Great Britain October 28, 1924."

This invention relates to electrical govvided with a shunt winding 4 so as to be ernors and is more particularly intended to strengthened by any increase of voltage be appliedto a governor intended to regubetween th dynamo terminals. In addi-. late the throttle of an engine driving a tlon'two auxiliary poles 5 are provided op- 5 dynamo. N y p y posite'to one another and preferably 'havco There have of course been a number of lngthcir axes angularl'y spaced at some proposals, for controlling an engine driving to degrees from the'axes of the main a .dynamoby means of an electroresponsive poles. The auxiliary poles 5 have a series device operating on the engine throttle, Winding 6 traversedby the main dynamo 10 the majority or such devices being spring current (or a proportion thereof) so that an or gravity. controlled and electro-magnetilncrease of the main current tends to cally moved against the action of the constrengthen the auxiliary. poles. A single t lli f V shoe 7 may extend across the faces of each 7 It is an object of the present invention to pair of like main and auxiliary poles so that 15 provide an improved device wherein an in efiect a zone ot'maximum resultant magelectro-magnetic governor assumes positions netic flux travelsalong the shoein accord- I fixed in accordance with theratio of current ance with. the varying ratio between dyto electro-motiveforcein the dynamo cirnamo 'voltage and dynamo current. cult and the principal feature Of-tlle invencoiled spring 8 or thelike may be cin- 20 tion lies in the windings energized respecployed to balance or steady the action of the tively according to the volts and amperes of device and will preferably be soset as to thedynamo circuit being arranged in differhelp to open the throttle when the latter ent magnetic axes. In the preferred device is nearly closed and a drop in voltage takes an increase of voltage tends to close the place, since in such cases the drop may be 25 throttle, and increasedcurrent tends to open such as topreventthe load from increasing the throttle relatively to its ordinary mean to the necessary degree to. give immediate position for normal running. relief to the engine by an immediate and The invention comprises further novel suflicient opening of the throttle. -Thecone 7 features, combinations and arrangements nection of the armature to the throttle 3O embodied in the preferred forms of this valve 9 by lever arms 10 and 11 is clearly apparatus hereinafter described and specifishown at Fig. 1. cally pointed out in the claims. In another preferred form shown at Fig.

In one such form the invention may be 3 the yoke maybe built of laminations and applied to a vehicle of the petrol-electric the poles slotted to receive distributed 35 or like type including a dynamo driven by windings, the resultant magnetic axes AA an engine and a motor arranged to drive the and BB of the shunt and series components vehicle and supplied with current from the 4; and 6 respectively being separated by a dynamo. Illustration is aiiorded by the acsuitable angular distance. companying drawings wherein The oscillating armature 1 may in either 40 Fig. 1 is a plan view of a preferred form case be unwound or preferably symmetriof governor attached to the throttle valve cally wound with a shunt windingor with of such an engine. some turns of both shunt and series winding Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation, and 12 and 18, so that it will assume an angular Fig. 3 shows an alternative form of yoke position corresponding to the position of." and windings. v the maximum resultant flux. It will how- The governor compr'ses a rotary armaever be clear that an angular spacing of ture 1 mounted within a yoke 2 having both shunt and series components may be emshunt and series windings so arranged that ployed upon the armature as well as or inthe shunt and series components are restead of on the yoke. Moreover, the air spectively applied at difierent magnetic gap may be tapered so as to define the exactlflfi axes corresponding to (but not necessarily position that will be taken up by the armacoinciding with) the two extreme governed ture under various conditions. It is depositions of the throttle. For example, as sirable that the various parts be skewed in shown at Fig. 2 there may be two main relation to the mechanical axis, more par- 55 poles 3 opposite to one another and proticularly in the forms having distributed Winding to give an even gradation of the To prevent hunting effects all movement may be suitably damped by dashpot or cop-v per bar instead of or in addition to the use of the coiled spring 8.

The operation of the device will be ap-' parent from the abovedescription.

It willbe observed that when additional load comes on the',motor, there is normally a tendency to' slow down the engine, with the result that the dynamo voltage tends to fall and at the sametime more current is required. The governor responds to this tendency to drop voltage by opening the throttle and keeping up the engine speed to whatever may be necessary to maintain the voltagecand supply the necessary current;

, The coiled spring, may preferablybe set to bringthe throttle to its mean position or rather more open than the mean position when the dynamo is not generating, or may tend With decreasing force to draw it to the fully open position. In this manner the en-, gine speed isautomatically governed in accordance with the load, and the throttle is kept open just to the necessary extent ;to

supplythe voltage and current being utilized upon one of said members and shunt and series'windi'ngs relatively symmetrically arranged uponthe other of said members.

2. An; actuating element for electric en gine governors, including two relatively 0scillatory members having magnetic axes which tend to coincide to determine the relative angular positions of the members, wlndings on one of said members energized respectively in accord with the voltage and amperage of a dynamo circuit in different angular spaced magnetic axes.

3. An actuating element for electric engine governors, including a yoke and an armature arranged for relative oscillation, the yoke having a'shunt-wound pole and a series- Wound pole angularly spaced relative to one another, whereby the position of the resultant magnetic flux mayvary'Within an angle dependent' upon the spacing.

4. In'an actuatlng element as defined 1n claim 3, the provision of a yoke having a pair of shunt-Wound poles and a pair of series-Wound poles, the magnetic axes of the respective pairs of poles intersecting one another at-a suitable angle.

5. An actuating element as in claim 3,

wherein the armature is i Wound With both shunt and f6; An actuating element fined in claim 3, wherein the with v a pair of shunt-Wound of series w ound to like poles. V r

In testimony whereof I aifi'x my signature.

HAROLD KENNETH WH ITEHORN.

symmetrically series windings. of the type deyoke is provided poles and a pair poles, and a shoe common 

